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Preparation of Fecal Bacteria Capsules with Quick Freeze Drying Combination
Date: 2022-11-07Read: 6
Preparation of Fecal Bacteria Capsules with Quick Freeze Drying Combination
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is defined as the transplantation of functional microbiota from healthy human feces into the gastrointestinal tract of patients to reconstruct a new gut microbiota and achieve the treatment of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Also known as Fecal transplantation, Fecal bacterial therapy, and Intendal microbiota transplantation by a minority, they can be translated as "fecal transplantation," "fecal microbiota therapy," and "intestinal microbiota transplantation," or "intestinal microbiota transplantation," respectively. FMT is a type of microbiota transplantation technique.
At present, there have been clinical observation studies on the treatment of various diseases with fecal bacteria transplantation, such as clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatic encephalopathy, chronic hepatitis B, chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, diabetes, fatty liver, autism, etc. Among them, fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of difficult to distinguish Clostridium infections has been included in clinical guidelines, and its efficacy has been fully recognized. The therapeutic effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on inflammatory bowel disease and hepatic encephalopathy has also been recognized.
The state of FMT can be divided into three forms: fermentation, fresh, and frozen. The routes of fecal microbiota administration are divided into three pathways: upper digestive tract, middle digestive tract, and lower digestive tract. The previous fecal microbiota transplantation process involved transferring fecal microbiota extract to the recipient through nasogastric tubes, endoscopic intestinal transplantation, or colonoscopy. These methods were not only cumbersome but also invasive, resulting in low patient compliance and tolerance. Another method of fecal microbiota colonization is FMT fecal capsules, which to some extent avoids the drawbacks of the traditional methods mentioned above.
FMT fecal capsule is a method of freeze-drying donor fecal samples after standardized fecal sampling, and developing them into powder and capsule packaging for oral administration by patients. This method can maintain the bacterial activity and diversity of fecal microbiota, and has the advantages of non invasiveness, safety, convenience, and speed.
Freeze drying is carried out at low temperatures, making it particularly suitable for heat sensitive substances such as microbial communities. During the freeze-drying process, malignant mutations and bacterial contamination of the microbiota cannot occur, thus maintaining the original characteristics of the microbiota. The freeze-dried microbial community freeze-dried powder is loose and porous, sponge like, and dissolves quickly, almost immediately restoring its original characteristics. Freeze drying is carried out under vacuum, with minimal oxygen and sufficient protection of bacterial activity. Freeze drying can remove more than 95-99% of moisture, and the dried microbial products can be stored for a long time without deactivation or deterioration.
