1. Extraction:

Extraction: Extracting the ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine.

Extraction: Precision extraction, separating the extracted active ingredients.

2. Active ingredients: Refers to monomeric substances with medical efficacy and biological activity.

3. Invalid ingredient: refers to other chemical components that coexist with the effective ingredient

4. Main chemical components of Chinese herbal medicine: sugars; Amino acids, proteins, and amino acids; Organic acids;

Oil and wax; Resin; Volatile oil; alkaloid; Glycosides; Pigments.

5. Carbohydrates can be divided into monosaccharides; Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides

6. Extraction methods for active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine: solvent extraction and other extraction methods

The process of solvent extraction method includes infiltration, dissolution, diffusion, and displacement

8. Key points for selecting solvents: a. They should have high solubility for active ingredients and low solubility for impurities; b.

Cannot undergo chemical changes with the ingredients; c. The solvent should be inexpensive, readily available, and safe to use.

9. Common solvents: water, ethanol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, etc

10. Factors affecting extraction include: particle size of medicinal herbs; Concentration difference; Temperature; Time.

11. Solvent extraction methods include: impregnation method; Decoction method; Percolation method; Reflux extraction method.

12. Method for solvent recovery from drug residue: ① Direct steam is introduced into the multifunctional extraction tank to dissolve the solvent

Agent gasification, condensation and recovery.

② Add water on top of the medicine residue to replace the leaching solvent, and then recycle it

13. Factors affecting evaporation:

① There needs to be a certain temperature difference

② The area of the evaporated surface of the medicinal solution

③ Pressure on the surface of a liquid

④ Concentration of steam

14. Common evaporation methods: atmospheric pressure evaporation; Reduced pressure evaporation; Thin film evaporation

15. Factors affecting drying: properties of materials; Temperature, humidity, and flow rate of the drying medium;

Drying speed and drying method; pressure

16. Drying method: atmospheric pressure drying; Reduced pressure drying; Spray drying; Boiling drying

17. Common separation methods: precipitation method; Crystallization method; Salt precipitation method; Two phase solvent extraction method;

Mechanical separation method.