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Jiujiang Dongsheng Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd
The core principle and workflow of a single effect external circulation vacuum concentrator
Date: 2025-06-17Read: 14
The process principle of a single effect external circulation vacuum concentrator is based on the combination of vacuum evaporation and forced external circulation, which reduces the boiling point of the feed liquid by lowering the system pressure, and achieves efficient concentration under the drive of an external circulation pump. The core principles and workflow are as follows:
1、 Core Process Principles
1. Vacuum depressurization boiling point
Under the negative pressure environment maintained by the vacuum system, the boiling point of the feed liquid significantly decreases to 45-60 ℃, achieving low-temperature evaporation and reducing the damage of thermosensitive components.
2. External circulation enhances heat transfer
The liquid is forcibly transported to the heater through an external circulation pump, forming a closed circulation flow, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency and evaporation intensity.
3. Design of vapor-liquid separation
The evaporation chamber adopts a tangential feeding and guide plate structure to generate a swirling flow of the feed liquid, which is combined with a cyclone separator and a wire mesh demister to reduce the entrainment of mist (<1%).
2、 Process flow steps
1. Preheating and circulating heating
The feed liquid is pumped into the system through a feed pump, heated to 70-85 ℃ by steam through a tubular heater, and then driven into the evaporation chamber by a circulation pump.
2. Vacuum flash separation
The high-temperature liquid vaporizes instantly in the negative pressure environment of the evaporation chamber, and the secondary steam enters the condensation system after being purified by demisting; The concentrated liquid is returned to the heater through the downcomer for reheating, forming a circulating concentration.
3. Concentrated liquid output
After the liquid reaches the target concentration, the automatic control system starts the discharge valve to discharge the finished product; Non condensable gases are discharged by a vacuum pump, and condensed solvents are recovered and utilized.
3、 Key system characteristics
1. Circulating system: The high-temperature resistant centrifugal pump provides a flow rate of 5-30m ³/h, and the impeller design is optimized to avoid cavitation (NPSHr<3m).
2. Vacuum system: water ring vacuum pump combined with condenser to maintain stable negative pressure and recover solvent.
3. Control module: PLC monitors temperature, vacuum degree, flow rate and other parameters in real time to achieve automatic discharge and concentration chain control.
4、 Technological advantages
1. Efficient and energy-saving: The external circulation design improves the evaporation efficiency by more than 30% compared to traditional structures.
2. Low temperature protection: Vacuum low-temperature evaporation is suitable for thermosensitive materials such as drugs and food.
3. Sealed safety: Fully sealed operation avoids pollution and supports the recovery of organic solvents such as alcohol.
Application scenarios: Suitable for fields that require low-temperature concentration, such as traditional Chinese medicine extraction solutions, biological products, dairy products, and organic solvent recovery.
