Laboratory HVAC purification design is a comprehensive system engineering that includes many aspects. Botai editor will guide you to understand the relevant knowledge.

1、 Air conditioning system design

1. Selection of cold and heat sources

Commonly used air-cooled heat pumps, water-cooled units, or VRV systems, large laboratories can use ice storage or ground source heat pumps to save energy.

2. Partition control

Different functional areas need to be independently controlled to avoid cross interference. For example, animal rooms require 24-hour constant temperature and humidity, while conventional laboratories can operate in different time periods.

3. Temperature and humidity control

Set parameters according to the type of experiment, typically at a temperature of 20-26 ℃ and a humidity of 40% -60%. Precision laboratories require precision control of ± 1 ℃ or even ± 0.5 ℃, using variable frequency refrigeration units or electric heating compensation.

2、 Ventilation system design

1. Comprehensive ventilation

By maintaining the ventilation rate through the fresh air unit and exhaust fan, the chemical laboratory requires a higher frequency to dilute harmful gases.

2. Optimization of airflow organization

The cleanroom should be designed with unidirectional flow using either upward or downward or side to side return methods. For example, a hundred level cleanliness requirement requires a vertical laminar flow velocity of ≥ 0.3m/s.

3. Local exhaust

Install exhaust systems at equipment such as fume hoods and biosafety cabinets, ensuring that the wind speed meets the standard. The exhaust duct should be corrosion-resistant and equipped with a variable frequency fan to adjust the air volume.

3、 Air purification system

1. Differential pressure control

Maintain the pressure difference between adjacent areas through residual air valves or variable air volume systems, and ensure that the exhaust air volume is greater than the supply air volume by 10% in the negative pressure laboratory.

2. Pollutant treatment

Configure activated carbon filters, spray towers, or UV photolysis equipment to treat VOCs and acidic gases; The biosafety laboratory requires sterilization equipment.

3. Cleanliness classification

According to the standard classification, PCR laboratories require a cleanliness level of 10000, while some areas require a cleanliness level of 100. Adopting a three-stage filtration system consisting of primary efficiency, medium efficiency, and high efficiency.

4、 Safety and Compliance

1. Biosafety Design

The biosafety laboratory requires a negative pressure system to prevent the leakage of pollutants, and is equipped with a biosafety cabinet as a first level protection.

2. Emergency facilities

Install emergency showers, eye wash stations, automatic fire extinguishing devices, and explosion-proof electrical systems. The chemical laboratory requires corrosion-resistant fume hoods.

3. Material specifications

The walls are made of fire-resistant and moisture-proof color steel plates, the floors are made of epoxy resin or PVC anti-static flooring, and the ventilation ducts are made of galvanized steel plates or stainless steel materials.

5、 Energy saving and intelligent control

1. Heat recovery technology

By using rotary or plate heat recovery devices, the energy saving rate can reach over 30%.

2. Variable air volume system

Dynamically adjust the air volume based on the opening and closing of the fume hood or sensor data to reduce energy consumption.

3. Automated monitoring

The integrated BA system monitors real-time parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure difference, cleanliness, etc., and alarms and links equipment adjustments in case of abnormalities.