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E-mail
shldgl@163.com
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Phone
17321354635
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Address
No. 678 Guangda Road, Qingcun Town, Fengxian District, Shanghai
Shanghai Luda Filtration Equipment Co., Ltd
The structural principle of vertical diatomaceous earth filter machine
Date: 2025-07-17Read: 5
The vertical diatomaceous earth filter is a closed equipment that uses diatomaceous earth as a precision filtration medium. Its structural principle is as follows:
1、 Core structure composition
1. Sealed tank body
The main body is a vertical stainless steel tank, with the top and bottom connected by flanges or clamps to ensure a fully enclosed operating environment. There is a transparent mirror window in the middle of the tank body for observing the internal filtering status.
2. Vertical filter blade assembly
The internal core consists of multiple sets of vertically arranged filter leaves (blade type or candle type), each supported by a stainless steel frame and covered with a fine filter screen (usually with a pore size of 5-40 μ m) or wrapped with metal wire, used to support the diatomaceous earth layer. The center of the filter blade is connected to a hollow shaft, forming a filtrate collection channel.
3. Inlet and outlet system
The liquid to be filtered is pumped into the bottom inlet pipe and evenly distributed to the surface of the filter blades through the buffer plate.
The purified liquid passes through the diatomaceous earth layer and filter screen, flows into the hollow shaft at the center of the filter blade, and is finally discharged from the top outlet pipe.
4. Auxiliary components
Including pressure gauge (monitoring the pressure inside the tank), exhaust valve (removing air), backwash interface (connecting compressed air/clean water), and diatomaceous earth addition device (used for pre coating and supplementing filter aid).
2、 Working principle and process
1. Pre coating stage
Pump the diatomaceous earth slurry into the tank and form a uniform pre coating of 1-3mm on the surface of the filter blades. Circulating the slurry for 5-10 minutes until a stable, crack free porous filter cake is formed.
2. Filtering stage
The liquid to be filtered penetrates the diatomaceous earth layer under pump pressure (usually ≤ 0.3MPa), and impurities (suspended particles, colloids, microorganisms, etc.) are mechanically intercepted or adsorbed in the pores of the filter cake. The clarified liquid then enters the central channel of the filter blade and is output. During the filtration process, diatomaceous earth can be continuously added to maintain the permeability of the filter layer.
3. Slag discharge and regeneration
When the thickening of the filter cake causes an increase in pressure, stop the liquid inlet. Activate the backwash system: Compressed air or clean water penetrates the filter blades in reverse, causing the diatomaceous earth filter cake to disintegrate and fall off, and is discharged through the bottom drain valve. Some models are equipped with centrifugal soil throwing devices to achieve fast and automatic cleaning.
3、 Technical advantages and applications
1. Structural advantages: Vertical design saves space; Vertical filter blades facilitate uniform distribution of filter cake and rapid slag discharge.
2. Performance characteristics: The high porosity (>90%) of diatomaceous earth can intercept particles larger than 0.5 μ m, achieving precise clarification; Sealed operation to avoid oxidation and ensure hygiene and safety.
3. Field of application: Widely used for decolorization of edible oil, clarification of alcohol (Baijiu/wine), pharmaceutical and chemical liquid purification.
This design significantly improves filtration efficiency and reduces manual maintenance intensity by optimizing the layout of filter blades and automatic cleaning function.
