1. Main application areas

·insulin therapy: The common use is insulin injection for diabetes patients (such as Novo pen, Yobe pen and other matching cartridges).

·biologicalsSuch as growth hormone (such as recombinant human growth hormone)GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as semaglutide, liraglutide).

·vaccinesSome pre filled vaccines (such as influenza vaccines) use cartridge bottle design.

·Autoimmune diseasesBiosimilars such as adalimumab (Xiumeile).

·Osteoporosis treatmentSuch as teriparatide (parathyroid hormone analog).

---

2. Structure and Characteristics of Cartridge Bottles

·materialUsually borosilicate glass（Type I), some new products use polymer materials (such as COP/COC polymers).

·sealed systemRubber piston (bromobutyl)/Chlorobutyl rubber stopper and aluminum-plastic sealing cover ensure sterility.

·capacity: Common1.5mL~3mL， Suitable for multiple doses of administration.

·compatibilityIt needs to be used in conjunction with a specialized injection pen (such as an insulin pen) to achieve precise dosage adjustment.

---

3. Advantages

·convenienceReduce the steps of dispensing and minimize the risk of contamination.

·Accurate drug deliveryThe injection pen can adjust the dosage (such as insulin)0.5 unit increment).

·Patient complianceSimplified operation, especially suitable for long-term medication of chronic diseases.

·Reduce wasteMulti dose design to avoid residue after a single use.

---

4. Precautions for use

·Storage conditionsWhen unopened, it needs to be refrigerated (some biological agents), and stored at room temperature after opening (such as insulin stored at room temperature after opening)28 days).

·Mixing operationSome suspensions require gentle rolling and mixing (e.gNPH insulin), avoid shaking to produce bubbles.

·Needle replacementEach injection requires the replacement of a new needle to prevent blockage or contamination.

·exhaustBefore use, it is necessary to evacuate the gas to ensure accurate dosage.

---

5. Industry Trends and Innovation

·needle-free injectionPartial cartridge bottles are compatible with needle free syringes (such as insulin needle free delivery systems).

·intelligent connectionIntegrate sensors to record medication data (such as Bluetooth insulin pens).

·eco-friendly materialsDevelop recyclable rubber plugs and glass alternatives.

·combo productDouble chamber cartridge bottle (freeze-dried powder)+Instant solvent mixing).