thermal efficiency: is a key indicator for measuring the energy utilization efficiency of steam boilers. The calculation formula is: thermal efficiency=(effectively utilized heat/input heat) × 100%. The effective utilization of heat refers to the heat absorbed by steam, and the input heat includes the heat generated by fuel combustion. The higher the thermal efficiency, the stronger the ability of the boiler to convert fuel thermal energy into steam thermal energy, and the more efficient the energy utilization. Generally speaking, the thermal efficiency of industrial steam boilers is around 70% -90%, and high-efficiency boilers can reach over 90%.

Steam production: Refers to the amount of steam generated by a boiler per unit time, usually expressed in tons per hour (t/h). The steam production should meet the steam demand of users and operate reasonably within the design rated load range of the boiler. When the boiler operates stably near its rated load, it often achieves good economic efficiency because the various heat losses of the boiler are relatively small at this time.

flue gas temperatureIt refers to the temperature of the exhaust gas from the boiler. Excessive exhaust temperature can cause a large amount of heat to dissipate with the flue gas, reducing the thermal efficiency of the boiler; If the exhaust temperature is too low, it may cause low-temperature corrosion of the tail heating surface. The exhaust temperature of general industrial steam boilers is between 160-250 ℃.

Excess air coefficientThe ratio of the actual air supply to the theoretical air required for combustion. Excessive air coefficient will increase the smoke volume and exhaust heat loss; If it is too small, it will lead to incomplete fuel combustion, increased chemical non combustion heat loss, and mechanical combustion heat loss. The appropriate excess air coefficient varies for different types of boilers and fuels. Generally, the excess air coefficient for chain furnaces is around 1.3-1.5, while that for oil and gas boilers is around 1.1-1.2.

Carbon content in slagReflects the degree of fuel combustion in the boiler. The high carbon content in slag indicates that the fuel has not been fully burned, resulting in energy waste. For coal-fired boilers, the carbon content in slag is generally controlled below 10%, and can be reduced to around 5% under high-quality combustion conditions.

Soda qualityThis includes indicators such as humidity, salt content, pH value, hardness, and dissolved solids of the steam, as well as the acidity and alkalinity of the boiler water. Good quality of soda water can ensure the quality of steam, reduce the phenomenon of steam carrying water and scaling, improve heat transfer efficiency, and prevent the reduction of boiler service life and operating efficiency due to scaling and corrosion. For example, the humidity of steam should be controlled within a certain range, and the humidity of industrial steam generally does not exceed 3% -5%.