The reason why a centrifugal pump can transport liquids is mainly due to the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller, hence it is called a centrifugal pump.
Working principle of centrifugal pump:
1. An impeller consisting of several curved blades is placed inside a pump casing with a volute channel.
2. The impeller is fastened to the pump shaft, which is connected to the motor and can be rotated by the motor.
3. The suction port is located in the center of the pump casing and connected to the suction pipeline, and a check valve is installed at the bottom of the suction pipe.
4. The side of the pump casing is the discharge port, which is connected to the discharge pipeline and equipped with a regulating valve.
The working process of centrifugal pump:
1. Before starting the pump, fill the pump with the liquid to be transported.
2. After starting the pump, the pump shaft drives the impeller to rotate at high speed, generating centrifugal force. Under this action, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the outer periphery of the impeller, causing an increase in pressure and flowing into the pump casing at a high speed (15-25m/s).
3. Due to the continuous expansion of the flow channel in the snail shaped pump casing, the flow velocity of the liquid slows down, and most of the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. Finally, the liquid flows into the discharge pipeline from the discharge outlet with a high static pressure.
4. After the liquid in the pump is thrown out, a vacuum is formed at the center of the impeller. Under the pressure difference between the liquid surface pressure (atmospheric pressure) and the pressure inside the pump (negative pressure), the liquid enters the pump through the suction pipeline to fill the position of the discharged liquid.