The working principle of an anaerobic fermentation tank is to promote anaerobic fermentation of microorganisms in an anaerobic environment, converting organic waste into biogas and organic fertilizers. The working process can be divided into the following main stages:
• Hydrolysis stage: Large molecules in organic matter (such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates) are broken down into small molecules such as amino acids, fatty acids, etc. by hydrolytic enzymes.
• Acidification stage: Small molecule substances are further converted into intermediate products such as volatile fatty acids and alcohols, and produce gases such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Acetization stage: Some intermediate products are further converted into acetic acid, which is a key step in anaerobic fermentation.
Methanation stage: The final products are methane and carbon dioxide. Methane is a renewable energy source that can be used for power generation or heating.
The main structure of anaerobic fermentation tank:
Tank body: Usually made of materials such as steel, concrete, or fiberglass, it has corrosion resistance and sealing properties to ensure airtightness and prevent oxygen from entering and affecting anaerobic fermentation.
• Inlet and outlet: The inlet is used to introduce wastewater or waste into the anaerobic tank, while the outlet discharges the treated water or residue.
Stirring device: In order to ensure the uniform distribution of anaerobic microorganisms and enhance reaction efficiency, anaerobic tanks are usually equipped with a stirring system to maintain the mixing of the reaction solution.
Gas collection device: The generated biogas is collected centrally through the gas collection device for power generation or other energy applications.
Temperature control system: In order to provide suitable temperature, pH value, and nutritional conditions, promote the growth and metabolic activity of microorganisms, anaerobic tanks are generally equipped with temperature control systems inside.
Introduction to the application of anaerobic fermentation tanks:
Energy production: Anaerobic fermentation tanks convert organic waste into biogas (mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide), which can be used for power generation, heating, or as a fuel substitute, reducing dependence on traditional fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions.
• Waste disposal: Anaerobic fermentation tanks convert organic waste into biogas and organic fertilizers, achieving waste resource utilization and reducing the adverse effects of landfill and incineration on the environment.
Environmental protection: Through anaerobic fermentation, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, protecting the environment.
In addition, the sludge generated during the fermentation process can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment, promoting the development of circular economy.