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Process principle of low-temperature freeze crusher
Date: 2024-08-21Read: 5
In industries such as pharmaceuticals, food, and chemicals, it is often necessary to crush high-temperature sensitive materials or low-temperature fragile biomaterials. Traditional mechanical grinding methods are difficult to meet these needs, and low-temperature cryogenic crushers are a very effective process.
The principle of a low-temperature freeze crusher is to crush materials in a cooled environment. The crushed sample is first injected into the pulverizer at room temperature, and then becomes fragile under the cooling of gaseous nitrogen. The brittle samples are crushed by the action of blades and kept in a cooling environment, avoiding a decrease in sample inventory heat. The low-temperature freeze crusher can also extract the sample with gaseous nitrogen during the processing to avoid reheating and damage to the material.
The equipment process of low-temperature cryogenic crusher mainly includes three steps: pre cooling, crushing, and cleaning,
1. Pre cooling
Because the sample needs to be crushed at low temperature, the low-temperature freeze crusher needs to be pre cooled first. This step aims to lower the temperature of the blade and crushing chamber to a suitable low temperature, so that the sample can reach a fragile state before crushing. Low temperature cryogenic crushers usually have built-in cooling devices that can use liquid ammonia or liquid carbon dioxide to pre cool the blades and crushing chamber to a suitable temperature before crushing.
2. Crushing
During the crushing process, attention should be paid to the following aspects:
(1) Form of the sample
The sample should be made into blocks smaller than the blade size. By changing the secondary degrees of freedom of the samples (such as fixing spherical samples on ice cubes or sheet-like samples on wooden poles), they can be more easily crushed during the crushing process.
(2) Blade
The selection of blades is crucial for the crushing process. A straight blade knife is suitable for brittle materials. Double layered fighting knives (such as Teckno toothed blades) are suitable for materials with higher hardness (such as ice).
(3) Feed speed
The feeding speed should depend on the hardness of the material. For softer materials, feeding should be done slowly to avoid excessive heat generation; For harder materials, the feeding speed can be increased.
(4) Crushing chamber
The crushing chamber should be small enough to ensure that the sample does not immediately detach from the blade or airflow after entering the chamber. In addition, accumulation of material or garbage in the crushing chamber should be avoided to ensure that the sample is not damaged or contaminated.
3. Cleaning up
After crushing, the low-temperature freeze crusher should be cleaned to prevent impurities from entering during the next use. Firstly, the cooling device should be turned off, and then the blades and crushing chamber should be cleaned. For the powder accumulated in the groove or around the crushing chamber, it can be cleaned with a brush or a long stem funnel. Finally, clean all surfaces with deionized water and gas, and dry them.