The physical and chemical laboratory is an important place for course teaching and experimental operations. It should comply with national standards, have a reasonable layout and scientific design, and be specially designed according to the characteristics of the physical and chemical discipline. The Botai editor will take you to understand relevant knowledge.

1、 Personal Protection and Code of Conduct

1. Behavioral requirements

Eating, smoking, storing personal belongings, and engaging in activities unrelated to the experiment are prohibited in the laboratory. During the experiment, it is not allowed to leave for a long time, and dangerous experiments require the presence of two or more people.

2. Protective equipment

Before the experiment, it is necessary to wear experimental clothing, gloves, safety goggles or face shields. Special experiments require wearing protective masks or gas masks. It is prohibited to wear open toed shoes and sandals. Long hair and loose clothing should be secured to avoid contact with hazardous substances.

2、 Chemical and Equipment Management

1. Chemical use and storage

Dangerous chemicals need to be stored by category, containers should be clearly labeled, and volatile drugs should be placed in fume hoods or specialized drug cabinets. When using corrosive reagents such as strong acids and bases, it is necessary to use a rubber ball to suck and operate in a fume hood.

2. Equipment operation specifications

The first time using new equipment requires training and strict adherence to operating procedures. Before using electrical equipment, check for leakage and avoid operating with wet hands. Wear heat-resistant gloves for high-temperature experiments, and monitor the temperature during oil bath heating to avoid exceeding the limit.

3、 Environment and Waste Management

1. Waste classification

Chemical waste liquid needs to be neutralized or diluted before discharge, and toxic substances such as heavy metals should be collected according to regulations and entrusted to professional institutions for treatment. Flammable residues should not be poured into sewers and should be collected in dedicated containers.

2. Laboratory environment

Keep the doors and windows of the fume hood closed to reduce airflow interference, clean the countertop and equipment after the experiment, and ensure that the passages and safety exits are unobstructed. Regularly inspect water and electricity facilities, turn off all power and water sources before leaving, and confirm that doors and windows are locked.

4、 Emergency and safety facilities

1. Accident handling

When chemicals splash onto the skin or eyes, immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention. When flammable liquids leak, turn off the fire source, ventilate and clean up by adsorption.

2. Emergency preparedness

Familiar with safety signs, emergency exit locations, and proficient in the use of fire extinguishers, eye washers, and shower devices. Firefighting equipment is equipped in the laboratory, and flammable and explosive materials are kept at a safe distance from the fire source. Firefighting equipment is regularly inspected.

5、 Other key points

Radiation and biological hazard experiments must comply with special safety regulations and be equipped with specialized equipment. Unmanned experiments need to ensure fire and explosion prevention of the equipment, and report contact information in advance.