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Process principle of double-layer glass reactor
Date: 2025-04-23Read: 6
The process principle of double-layer glass reaction kettle:
1、 Core structure design
1. Double layered glass construction
The inner reaction chamber and outer jacket are made of high borosilicate glass, and the interlayer forms a closed space for injecting thermal or cooling media (such as hot oil, refrigerant).
The inner layer directly contacts the reactants, while the outer layer achieves temperature control through medium circulation. The glass material has the advantages of corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and transparent observation.
2. Sandwich function
The interlayer can be filled with a medium to achieve a wide temperature control range of -80 ℃ to 300 ℃, with a temperature difference accuracy of ± 1 ℃.
Uniformly transfer heat through medium circulation to avoid local overheating or insufficient cooling of materials.
2、 Temperature control mechanism
1. Heating and cooling
Heating: Inject high-temperature heat transfer oil or steam into the interlayer, and conduct heat to the inner layer material through the glass wall. The heating rate is adjusted by external equipment (such as an oil bath pot).
Refrigeration: The interlayer is filled with frozen liquid (such as ethylene glycol aqueous solution), combined with a refrigeration machine to rapidly cool down and support low-temperature reactions (such as crystallization and biosynthesis).
2. Constant temperature maintenance
The variable frequency speed control system, in conjunction with temperature sensors, adjusts the medium flow rate in real-time to ensure stable temperature in the reaction system.
3、 Mixing and Reaction Control
1. Hybrid system
Mechanical or magnetic stirring is used, and the material of the stirring blade is corrosion-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with a speed range of 20-1200rpm, suitable for materials of different viscosities.
The stirring shaft achieves airtightness through a fluororubber sealing ring, supporting reactions under vacuum or pressure conditions (such as distillation, high-pressure synthesis).
2. Reaction environment regulation
The vacuum interlayer design can isolate the external environment, reduce heat exchange interference, and lower the risk of glass cracking caused by sudden temperature differences.
Assist in controlling the evaporation and reflux rate of the reaction solution through interlayer vacuum or low-pressure environment.
4、 Security and protection mechanisms
1. Explosion proof design
The outer layer is equipped with explosion-proof membrane and pressure relief valve, which can withstand an overpressure of 0.1MPa and automatically release pressure under abnormal working conditions.
The sliding rail type protective plate and collection box structure can prevent glass splashing in case of explosion, buffer the impact of debris, and extend the service life of the equipment.
2. Sealing and stability
The sealing system is made of PTFE material to ensure airtightness under high pressure/vacuum conditions, avoiding medium leakage or external contamination.
5、 Application scenario examples
1. Chemical synthesis: suitable for precise temperature control in organic synthesis and catalytic reactions.
2. Biopharmaceuticals: low-temperature enzyme reactions, vaccine preparation.
3. Materials Science: Nanomaterial Crystallization, High Temperature Polymer Synthesis.
The double-layer glass reaction kettle has become a core equipment for modern laboratories and small and medium-sized production through the synergistic effect of structural design, temperature control accuracy, and safety protection.
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