Physics Laboratory

Physics LaboratoryDecoration design requirements

The laboratory decoration includes valuable precision instruments and flammable and corrosive drugs. So there are special requirements for the building structure, environment, indoor facilities, etc. of the laboratory, which should be considered when building a new laboratory or renovating an existing laboratory. The laboratory should be kept away from dust, smoke, noise, and vibration sources, and should not be built near traffic arteries, boiler rooms, machine rooms, or production workshops.

1. Design of Precision Instrument Laboratory

The precision instrument room is required to have functions such as fire prevention, shock resistance, electromagnetic interference prevention, noise prevention, moisture prevention, corrosion prevention, dust prevention, and prevention of harmful gas invasion, and the room temperature should be kept as constant as possible. To maintain good performance of general instruments, the temperature should be between 15-30 ℃, and if possible, it is recommended to control it between 18-25 ℃. The humidity is between 60% and 70%, and instrument rooms that require constant temperature can be equipped with double-layer doors, windows, and air conditioning devices.

2Physics Laboratoryconstruction planning

The physical processing and analysis of samples in the laboratory often involve the use of small electrical equipment and various physical reagents. Improper handling can also pose certain risks. Regarding these usage characteristics, the following requirements should be noted in the design of the physical analysis room:

(1) The laboratory building should be fire-resistant or constructed with non combustible materials, and the partition and ceiling should also consider fire performance. Terrazzo flooring can be used, windows should be dust-proof, and indoor lighting should be good. The door should open outward, and the construction plan for the large laboratory should have two exits to facilitate the evacuation of personnel in case of accidents.

(2) Water supply and drainage must ensure the necessary water pressure, quality, and quantity to meet the needs of normal operation of instruments and equipment. The indoor main valve should be located in a prominent position that is easy to operate. The sewer should be made of acid and alkali resistant materials, and there should be floor drains on the ground.

(3) Due to the frequent production of toxic or flammable gases during laboratory testing, laboratories need good ventilation conditions. There are generally three types of ventilation facilities:

① Whole room ventilation: Exhaust fans or ventilation shafts are used, with a typical air exchange rate of 5 times per hour.

② Local exhaust hood: generally installed above the area where harmful gases occur in large instruments. Install local exhaust hoods above the harmful gases generated in the teaching laboratory to reduce indoor air pollution.

③ Ventilation hood: This is a commonly used local exhaust equipment in laboratory design. There are heating sources, water sources, lighting and other devices inside. Fire and explosion-proof metal materials can be used to make ventilation cabinets, with anti-corrosion coatings applied inside. The ventilation ducts should be resistant to acid and alkali gas corrosion. The fan can be installed in the top-level machine room and should have a device to reduce vibration and noise. The exhaust pipe should be at least 2 meters higher than the roof

(4) Laboratories with conditions for gas and power supply can install pipeline gas. The power supply in the laboratory is divided into lighting power and equipment power. It is recommended to use fluorescent lamps for lighting. In equipment power consumption, 24-hour running appliances such as refrigerators are powered separately, while other electrical equipment is controlled by the main switch. Oven, high-temperature furnace and other electric heating equipment should have dedicated sockets, switches and fuses.

(5) The experimental platform is mainly composed of a tabletop, a bracket under the platform, and a temporary storage cabinet. For ease of operation, a drug rack can be set up on the platform, and water tanks can be installed at both ends of the platform. The experimental table is generally 750mm wide, with a length of 1500-3000mm and a height of 800-850mm depending on the room size. The table is commonly made of corrosion-resistant veneer physical and chemical board, corrosion-resistant solid core physical and chemical board, epoxy resin board, or high-temperature ceramic board.

3. Auxiliary laboratory decoration design

(1) Due to the fact that many physical reagents in the drug storage room are flammable, explosive, toxic, or corrosive, do not purchase too many. The storage room is only used to store a small amount of physical drugs that will be used in the near future, and must comply with the safety requirements for storing dangerous goods. It should have the functions of preventing open flames, moisture, high temperature, direct sunlight, and lightning. The drug storage room should face north, be dry, and have good ventilation.

(2) Flammable or combustible gas cylinders in the cylinder room are required to be placed outdoors in the cylinder room, and the cylinder room should be kept away from heat sources, fire sources, and flammable material warehouses. The steel cylinder room should be constructed with non combustible or flame-retardant materials, with explosion-proof walls, lightweight top covers, and doors opening outward. Avoid direct sunlight and have good ventilation. The steel cylinder should be placed at a distance of at least 10 meters from the open flame heat source, and an upright and stable iron frame should be installed indoors for placing the steel cylinder.